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Symbiosis-like association of fungi (filaments) with microbes ("cauliflower" and small bright grains) from 48 million-year-old subseafloor porous rocks. Specimen is 0.8 mm across.
The deep subseafloor crust is one of the few great frontiers of biology remaining on Earth. Even though oceanic crust makes up the largest potential habitat for life on Earth, next to nothing is known about the abundance, diversity, function and consequences of its biosphere.
The purpose of this project is to expand our knowledge of this hidden biosphere. The major scientific questions I address include:
Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Sanya, China
Ivarsson, M., Bengtson, S., Neubeck, A. 2016. The igneous oceanic crust – Earth’s largest fungal habitat? Fungal Ecology 20: 249-255.
Ivarsson, M., Holm, N.G., Neubeck, A. 2015. The deep biosphere of the subseafloor igneous crust. In: Trace Metal Biogeochemsitry and Ecology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Systems (eds. Demina, L.L., Galkin, S.V.). Springer, 143-166.
Ivarsson, M., Bengtson, S., Skogby, H., Lazor, P., Broman, C., Belivanova, V., Marone, F., 2015. A fungal-prokaryotic consortium at the basalt-zeolite interface in subseafloor igneous crust. PLOS ONE, 10(10):e014016. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140106.
Ivarsson, M., Peckmann, J., Tehler, A., Broman, C., Bach, W., Behrens, K., Reitner, J., Böttcher, M.E., Norbäck-Ivarsson, L. 2015. Zygomycetes in vesicular basanites from Vesteris Seamount, Greenland Basin – a new type of cryptoendolithic fungi. PLOS ONE, 10(7): e01333368. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.01333368.
Bengtson, S., Ivarsson, M., Astolfo, A., Belivanova, V., Broman, C., Marone, F., Stampanoni, M. 2014. Deep-biosphere consortium of fungi and prokaryotes in Eocene sub-seafloor basalts. Geobiology 12: 489-496. See Bengtson et al. 2014.
Ivarsson, M., Bengtson, S., Belivanova, V., Stampanoni, M., Marone, F., and Tehler, A. 2012. Fossilized fungi in subseafloor Eocene basalts. Geology 40: 163-166.